Insights on the methodology for indoor microbial aerosol studies

Covid-19 has highlighted the need for reliable methods for airborne microbe control. Different microbes are suitable for different purposes, and the microbes are sensitive to collection methods used. We identified three safe-to-use microbes suitable for airborne microbial studies: MS2-bacteriophage virus, Staphylococcus simulans and Bacillus atrophaeus bacterial spores. We found that the sensitive microbes (MS2 and S. simulans) survive better, when collected directly in a liquid media. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

Journaling among home care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A promising method for qualitative data collection

Qualitative methods that capture individual lived experiences throughout rapidly changing circumstances are particularly important during public health emergencies. The COVID-19 pandemic has put home care workers at risk as they provide vital services in homes to individuals with chronic conditions or disabilities. Using a 6-week journaling process in which we enrolled participants at different points, we sought to examine experiences of home care workers (n = 47) in the United States in New York and Michigan during April–July 2020 of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our methods for data collection and analysis were guided by a general qualitative approach as we aimed to examine the weekly perspectives and lived experiences of home care workers. We asked individuals to respond to our journaling prompts weekly to capture their reflections in "real time." To better understand home care workers' perspectives on journaling and the broader external context in which they provided care, we triangulated our data with interviews with home care workers (n = 19) and home health agency representatives (n = 9). We explored the feasibility of a rolling journaling process during an unprecedented public health emergency, characterized by rapid changes and uncertainty in day-to-day life, and reflect on lessons learned to guide future research on journaling for data collection, particularly for marginalized workers during public health crises, when events are evolving rapidly.

Potential Health Survey of Traditional Spices & Herbs in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Review

The coronavirus (COVID-19) is a global public health pandemic disease emerged from the novel strain of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused severe acute respiratory syndrome. It is the most significant respiratory illness that has affected the world since World War II. Currently, there is no globally approved drug for the treatment of pandemic COVID-19 except for some recently approved vaccines. Instead, various non-specific treatment options are being utilized by different countries. While some of these are effective, there is a lack of well-documented studies on the impact of traditional medicines on the management of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in silico. For thousands of years, traditional healers have been using various herbs and spices products and dietary plants to treat various diseases. This review aims to provide information on the use of traditional spices & herbs in COVID-19 protection and treatment and present the main characteristics of these products and their potential antiviral actions. Various databases were searched for articles related to the use of various herbs for the treatment of viral infections. Many of these studies show that various plant compounds can be utilized for the treatment of viral infections. This study aims to summarize the common used of herbal products and dietary supplements with potent bioactive compounds in treatment or prevent of COVID-19.

Nomad Librarianship: Outreach Challenges and New Horizons in the Remote Hospital Library Setting

The article presents the discussion on outreach and remote hospital librarianship. Topics include clinical librarian showing new territory for the author causing moments of pause and concern navigating the most effective outreach methods working from home;and COVID-19 pandemic amplifying the need for virtual services and resources best serving the fluctuating workforce and patron base of hospital libraries.

The Port Shuttle Hub System Model based on Rail-Sea Intermodal Transportation Taking Shenzhen Port as an Example

The major ports along the coast of China that undertake container transportation are all facing problems in collection and dispatching to a certain extent. In particular, due to the recent impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, truck drivers have difficulty moving across regions, and there was once a phenomenon of no containers being transported by vehicles. This paper sorted out the basic situation of container port collection and dispatching methods all over the world. Taking Shenzhen Port as an example, this paper focused on the analysis of the structural characteristics of container transportation and the impact on the rear urban traffic and atmospheric environment. Then it proposed a intermodal transportation network and established the 'Port Shuttle Hub System' model, which would closely link the port with the railway and inland port, and integrate the transportation organization mode, which greatly improves the efficiency of port containers' transportation. © 2021 IEEE.

Lessons learned: the long view

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially altered the fabric of life around the globe, raising crucial questions about the nature of language usage in person and online. But as researchers embark on new studies (or continuations of pre-COVID research), just as essential are considerations of what our responsibilities as researchers are to our participants now. In this article, we share our reflections upon the experience of conducting research in two different post-disaster contexts: after Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, Louisiana, and after the Christchurch earthquakes in New Zealand. We describe the issues faced by researchers and participants alike in these locales and we recount the decisions that we made, as many of the same decision processes are being faced by researchers currently navigating data collection due to COVID-19 and its aftermath. These decisions are of course contextually dependent, though our examples draw from two very different situations, comparing and contrasting how various forces, timelines, and regionally specific issues may come into play for researchers in a context of upheaval. In this "long view" essay, we provide a retrospective account of practical tips and ethical considerations for researchers embarking on a similar track.

Remote VR studies: A framework for running virtual reality studies remotely via participant-owned HMDs

We investigate opportunities and challenges of running virtual reality (VR) studies remotely. Today, many consumers own head-mounted displays (HMDs), allowing them to participate in scientific studies from their homes using their own equipment. Researchers can benefit from this approach by being able to recruit study populations normally out of their reach, and to conduct research at times when it is difficult to get people into the lab (cf. the COVID pandemic). In an initial online survey (N = 227), we assessed HMD owners' demographics, their VR setups and their attitudes toward remote participation. We then identified different approaches to running remote studies and conducted two case studies for an in-depth understanding. We synthesize our findings into a framework for remote VR studies, discuss strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches, and derive best practices. Our work is valuable for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers conducting VR studies outside labs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Analysis of Teacher and Student Responses to the Use of a Web-based Learning Management System (LMS) during COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to analyze teacher and student responses to learning using the Learning Management System (LMS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents in this study were 100 teachers and students in Cilacap Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. 90% of respondents choose Google Classroom as the LMS they use. The information collection method used in this study was a survey with a questionnaire. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively qualitatively by considering the aspects of the software used, content aspects and display aspects. The results of this study show that LMS helps online learning well during the COVID-19 Pandemic © 2021 IEEE.

Access as an enabler and an obstacle to nurses' use of ICT during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of a national survey

The COVID-19 global pandemic has altered the way people in Aotearoa New Zealand live, work, play, and access healthcare, and this has included an increase in the use of technology. The aim of this exploratory study was to understand Aotearoa New Zealand nurses' use of technology during the COVID-19 lockdown, in particular what information and communication technologies (ICT) was being used and how nurses felt about using ICT in their practice. An anonymous online survey, utilising both open and closed-ended questions, was selected as an appropriate and safe data collection method during the pandemic. Snowball sampling was used with an online survey that was sent out during the level 3 lockdown (from March to May 2020) via social media and existing email networks and so potentially dispersed to nurses throughout Aotearoa New Zealand. In total 220 responses were received. The results were analysed using descriptive statistics, and open-ended qualitative comments were thematically analysed. The key finding was that there were significant access issues related to nurses using ICT in their practice: Access to information technology systems and resources, access to technical support, access to connectivity (particularly for those working from home in rural communities) and access to patients and colleagues. As predicted, this study has identified areas for future exploration but highlights Aotearoa New Zealand nurse's ability and willingness to embrace technology to better meet the needs of their patients.

Innovative methods for remote assessment of neurobehavioral development.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, research institutions across the globe have modified their operations in ways that have limited or eliminated the amount of permissible in-person research interaction. In order to prevent the loss of important developmentally-timed data during the pandemic, researchers have quickly pivoted and developed innovative methods for remote assessment of research participants. In this manuscript, we describe methods developed for remote assessment of a parent child cohort with a focus on examining the perinatal environment, behavioral and biological indicators of child neurobehavioral development, parent-child interaction, as well as parent and child mental and physical health. We include recommendations relevant to adapting in-laboratory assessments for remote data collection and conclude with a description of the successful dissemination of the methods to eight research sites across the United States, each of whom are involved in Phase 1 of the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study. These remote methods were born out of pandemic-related necessity; however, they have much wider applicability and may offer advantages over in-laboratory neurodevelopmental assessments.

Provincial implementation supports for socio-demographic data collection during COVID-19 in Ontario's public health system.

SETTING: The Ontario government implemented a regulatory change to mandate the collection of socio-demographic (SD) data for individuals who tested positive for COVID-19. This change was informed by evidence of COVID-19's disproportionate impact on marginalized communities and calls for broader collection of SD data. Given the scarcity of similar efforts, there is a significant knowledge gap around implementing standardized SD data collection in public health settings. INTERVENTION: Public Health Ontario provided collaborative support for the implementation of SD data collection, grounded in health equity principles, evidence, and best practices. We supported the addition of SD fields in Ontario's COVID-19 data collection systems, issued data entry guidance, hosted webinars for training and learning exchange, and published a resource to support the data collection process. The current focus is on building sustainability and quality improvement through continued engagement of public health units. OUTCOMES: By November 28, 2020, almost 80% of COVID-19 cases had information recorded for at least one SD question (individual questions, range 46.8-67.0%). We hosted three webinars for the field, and the data collection resource was viewed almost 650 times. Practitioners continue to express needs for support on applying equity principles to data analysis and interpretation, and community engagement on data collection and use. IMPLICATIONS: Sharing knowledge on responsive implementation supports in collaboration with the field and using current evidence and guidance will strengthen public health practice for SD data collection. Laying this groundwork will also improve the likelihood of success and sustainability of these equity-focused efforts.

RéSUMé: LIEU: Le gouvernement de l'Ontario a appliqué une modification réglementaire exigeant la collecte de données sociodémographiques (SD) sur les personnes testées positives pour la COVID-19. Cette modification découle des preuves de l'impact disproportionné de la COVID-19 dans les populations marginalisées et appelle à une collecte élargie des données SD. Comme les démarches similaires sont rares, il y a de grandes lacunes au sujet de la mise en œuvre de la collecte de données SD standardisées dans les milieux de la santé publique. INTERVENTION: Santé publique Ontario a collaboré à la mise en œuvre d'une collecte de données SD ancrée dans les principes, les données probantes et les pratiques exemplaires de l'équité en santé. Nous avons appuyé l'ajout de champs SD dans les systèmes ontariens de collecte de données sur la COVID-19, fourni des orientations sur la saisie des données, organisé des webinaires de formation et d'échange de connaissances et publié un document à l'appui du processus de collecte de données. La priorité est actuellement accordée au renforcement de la durabilité et à l'amélioration de la qualité grâce à la participation continue des bureaux de santé publique. RéSULTATS: Au 28 novembre 2020, pour près de 80 % des cas de COVID-19, il existait des informations sur au moins une question SD (questions individuelles, intervalle de 46,8 à 67,0 %). Nous avions organisé trois webinaires pour le personnel de terrain, et notre document sur la collecte de données avait été consulté près de 650 fois. Les praticiens continuent à nous demander de l'aide pour appliquer les principes d'équité à l'analyse et à l'interprétation des données et pour faire participer les communautés à la collecte et à l'utilisation des données. CONSéQUENCES: Le partage des connaissances sur les supports de mise en œuvre adaptés, en collaboration avec le terrain et en faisant appel aux connaissances et aux orientations actuelles, renforcera la collecte de données SD dans la pratique en santé publique. En posant ces bases, nous améliorons aussi les chances de réussite et la durabilité de ces démarches axées sur l'équité.